Samuel Beckett |
In 1928, Samuel Beckett moved to Paris where he
met and became a devoted student of James Joyce. In
1931, he travelled through Britain, France and Germany writing poems and
stories and did odd jobs to support himself. On his journey, he came across
many individuals who would inspire some of his most interesting characters.
Suzanne |
During World War II, Samuel Beckett’s Irish
citizenship allowed him to remain in Paris as a citizen of a neutral country.
He fought in the resistance movement until 1942, when he and Suzanne fled to
the unoccupied zone until the end of the war to avoid arrest by the Gestapo.
After the war, he re-settled in Paris and began
his most prolific period as a writer. In five years, he wrote three plays, four
novels, two books of short stories, and a book of criticism.
Samuel Beckett’s first publication, Molloy, enjoyed modest sales, but more
importantly praise from French critics. Soon, Waiting for Godot, written in 1948-1949 in French, achieved quick
success at the small Theatre de Babylone putting Beckett in the international
spotlight. The play premiered in 1953, ran for 400 performances, and enjoyed
critical praise.
Beckett’s works are filled with allusions to other
writers such as Dante, Rene
Descartes, and James Joyce.
Beckett’s plays are not written along traditional lines with conventional plot
and time and place references. Instead, he focuses on essential elements of the
human condition in dark humorous ways. This style of writing has been called
“Theater of the Absurd” by Martin Esslin, referring to poet Albert Camus’ concept of “the absurd.” The plays
focus on human despair and the will to survive in a hopeless world that offers
no help in understanding.
The 1960s were a period of change for Samuel
Beckett. He found great success with this plays across the world. Invitations
came to attend rehearsals and performances which led to a career as a theater
director. In 1961, he secretly married Suzanne Dechevaux-Dumesnuil who took
care of his business affairs. A commission from the BBC in 1956 led to offers
to write for radio and cinema through the 1960s.
Samuel Beckett continued to write throughout
the 1970s and 80s mostly in a small house outside Paris. There he could give
total dedication to his art evading publicity. In 1969, he was awarded the
Nobel Prize for Literature, though he declined accepting it personally to avoid
making a speech at the ceremonies. However, he should not be considered a
recluse. He often times met with other artists, scholars and admirers to talk
about his work.
By the late 1980s, Samuel Beckett was in
failing health and had moved to a small nursing home. Suzanne, his wife, had
died in July 1989. His life was confined to a small room where he would receive
visitors and write. He died on December 22, 1989, in a hospital of respiratory
problems just months after his wife.
Content provided in large part by Biography.com